人乳突淋瘤病毒
接种疫苗
关于 人乳突淋瘤病毒
何谓人乳突淋瘤病毒(HPV)?
人乳突淋瘤病毒是一种常见的病毒,可导致与宫颈细胞病变(宫颈癌的先兆)和疣有关的性病。我们所说的高风险种类,HPV16和18型,与女性罹患子宫颈癌有关。子宫颈癌是全球女性主要罹患的癌症种类。在过去,预防工作主要集中在子宫颈抹片检查和已大大减少癌症死亡率的前期检查。据估计,50%性生活活跃的女性在其一生中都将受到HPV病毒感染。
我为什么应该接种此疫苗?
人乳突淋瘤病毒是一种预防HPV16型和18病毒感染的重组病毒疫苗。研究表明疫苗可帮助介于9到26岁间的女生和女士有效预防子宫颈癌、阴道癌、癌前病变和生殖器疣的HPV病毒。目前,市面上有两种疫苗:Gardasil 疫苗(针对6,11,16和18类型)以及Cervarix (针对16和18型)
它是一个三剂量的疗程:
- 第一剂(任何选定日期)
- 第二剂(第一剂量后1-2个月)
- 第三剂(第一剂量后6个月)
注意:公众应当注意,虽然大多数的子宫颈癌与HPV有关,但是疫苗并不能代替子宫颈抹片检查,因此此类检查应继续进行。
Points to Note:
Laboratory diagnostic tests are not perfect and are not 100% accurate
- We do not have a test for every disease or virus but most of those pathogens that are of public health importance or have long term implications on your health can be tested
- No one single test can be used with absolute certainty to diagnose a disease. Often, we depend on a combination of tests to make a diagnosis
- Sometimes, we have to resort to trial treatment or empiric treatment if investigative tests are inconclusive. If the patient makes a therapeutic response and feels better, we have achieved our goal
- In PUO, we are looking for treatable causes and to rule out sinister causes eg. malignancies so that we do not miss opportunities for early treatment or intervention